The thyroid is a gland located in the front part of the neck, which produces a hormone called thyroxine, whose function is to regulate the metabolism of the different organs of our body, it is like a panel that controls multiple functions.
Thyroid alterations manifest in two ways, one called hypothyroidism in which thyroxine is produced in a smaller quantity, giving multiple general symptoms, but to give a summary idea, these cases manifest with fatigue and a tendency to gain weight and on the contrary When the hormone is produced in excess, it is called hyperthyroidism with opposite symptoms such as excitement and weight loss.
The most common is not that they give clear manifestations, but that they are in a subclinical state, in which even though the thyroid hormone is altered, no symptoms appear, and they affect the metabolism of our body in a masked way. It is estimated that this appears in 6% of all women of reproductive age.
From a reproductive point of view, this thyroid malfunction translates into: alteration of ovulation, irregular menstruation, infertility, risk of miscarriage and alterations in fetal development. As well as hinder the results in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF / ICSI).
For this reason, the analysis of thyroid hormones is one of the first tests done when a woman goes to an infertility consultation.
Although poor thyroid function is a fact that can reduce both the achievement and the good evolution of a pregnancy, unfortunately the scientific information about a direct relationship of thyroid disorders with infertility is not clearly established. The publications give a very uneven influence since they establish it between 1 and 40%, this disparity being what disturbs this direct relationship.
Although it is not as common as in women, the truth is that thyroid disorders can affect male fertility as well. Influencing the production and maturation of sperm and are a cause of a high number of abnormal forms. Furthermore, they can also lead to erectile dysfunction and decreased libido.
CONCLUSIONS
The alteration of thyroid hormones is known to affect reproduction, today there is no clearly established correlation.
The thyroid malfunction will have to be corrected to improve both natural reproduction and when in vitro fertilization (IVF / ICSI) has to be considered.
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Gregorio Manzanera
IMAGEN: https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/thyroiddiseases.html
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